Residential broadband market overview Essay Example for Free

Private broadband market review Essay Limestone is a stone of which was at one time the bones and shells of ocean creatures. These passed on and gathered as residue at the base of oceans, seas and lakes. Compound name: Calcium carbonate Chemical equation: CaCo3 Alternative names: Chalk, marble Limestone can be utilized to set up various new materials. For this to happen limestone must experience endothermic disintegration. Warm disintegration is utilized for a huge scope in industry to fabricate synthetic substances. At the point when limestone experiences warm deterioration it produces Quicklime (CaO) Quicklime is created in headstrong lined furnaces. In many ovens, limestone is taken care of in at the highest point of the pole and quicklime is drawn from the base. Air is blown in at the base and ignites with energizes mostly up the oven. The results of ignition of the fuel is for the most part carbon dioxide gas which escapes through vents at the highest point of the pole. Different energizes are utilized e. g. loop, oil, petroleum gas and coke contingent upon the neighborhood fuel costs. The temperature made by these powers comes to more than 1000? C in the furnace. Most present day furnaces produce as much as 300 tons/day of quicklime. Most quicklime is sold as a granular item however there is a developing business sector for the finely squashed strong. Limestone is one of the universes most regular minerals. Since it is modest and promptly accessible it shapes a significant piece of numerous different minerals. When limestone has been changed over to quicklime, the quicklime is utilized to frame slaked lime. Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) is made by adding a little water to quicklime. Powdered limestone: Â Put in lakes to kill acids in the water Put on soil to kill corrosive soil. All stones are comprised of various minerals. At the end of the day, minerals are the compound constituents of rocks in spite of the fact that you cant effectively determine what their substance piece is from their names. Sedimentary rocks are made of dregs framed when every single other kind of rock wear out (disintegration) or separate in view of the impacts of climate (enduring). The particles of rock are moved by water or wind or ice to a depressed spot on the earth (an ocean or a valley). Bit by bit, more than a large number of years, they are changed over to shake. The particles of rock structure layers of residue. Step by step an ever increasing number of layers structure on one another more than a large number of years. The heaviness of the layers on top makes the base layers be squeezed together or packed so the particles combine. This is called CEMENTATION. More than a great many years the layers of rock incorporate up with what are called layers. Particles can be scoured of sedimentary stone since it is the gentlest kind of rock. Diverse estimated particles structure various types of rock. Fine particles like mud structure mudstone. Bigger grains like sand structure sandstone. Rock and stones structure combinations. Sedimentary rocks like Shale can be shaped under the ocean moreover. The shells from a great many small marine creatures can develop on the ocean bottom. These shells are produced using calcium carbonate. At the point when these shells become gradually packed together they structure the stone limestone. At the point when corrosive is added to this stone, it bubbles. As silt gathers, the assemblages of plants or creatures fall into them. The bodies become covered and step by step go to shake as there is no oxygen gas to permit them to decay. More than a large number of years these bodies transform into fossils. Fossils are just found in sedimentary rocks. At the point when fluid stone is underneath the outside of the earth it is called magma, however when it comes out of the ground it is called magma. At the point when they cool, they become strong and structure the stones we call molten rocks. Magma and magma are comprised of mixes called silicates. They are produced using the components silicon and oxygen, just as different components like aluminum and magnesium. As the fluid stone cools it structures gems. The size of the precious stones relies upon how rapidly it cools. Stone is shaped when magma cools gradually under the ground so it has enormous interlocking precious stones. This is called a nosy volcanic stone. At the point when magma is ejected from a spring of gushing lava it cools quickly noticeable all around so it has little interlocking gems. This is called an extrusive volcanic stone. A case of this sort of rock is basalt. The structure of existing rocks can be changed by contact with magma or extraordinary weight from underground. At the point when this occurs, the stone is said to have transformed. (This fair methods changed. ) Any sort of rock can transform. Dirt and Shale (which are sedimentary rocks) can be changed by pressure until they become record. This permits the record to be part into layers without any problem. This is one motivation behind why record can be utilized for roofing material. On the off chance that record is, at that point warmed considerably more and put under increasingly tension it frames a stone with groups of interlocking precious stones. This stone is called Schist. Limestone is transformed into marble when the high temperatures underground separation the shells and they at that point change as smooth, hard precious stones. Researchers think ha the earth has been in presence for around 4500 million years. In the first place, the surface was fluid, however bit by bit it cooled enough for a strong outside layer to shape. (Around 3700 million years back). The earth has had a climate of gasses since it was shaped yet the sorts and measures of each gas has changed. The earths outside is a lot thicker under the mainlands than under the seas. Mainland outside layer is about 40km thick contrasted with 10km for the covering under the seas. Beneath the outside layer is a semi-fluid zone called the mantle. The focal point of the earth is known as the center and it is made of the metals Iron and Nickel. Since various pieces of the earths covering are moving gradually in various ways, gigantic anxieties and strains are set up. These can make the stones become inclined, collapsed (twisted) or blamed (split). They may even be flipped around. Sedimentary rocks are milder than different sorts of rocks and overlap all the more effectively when packed (crushed). In the event that this occurs for an enormous scope, at that point Fold mountains like the Alps or Himalayas are shaped. A descending plunge or crease is known as a Syncline and a curve is called an Anticline. Weak rocks break (shortcoming) under pressure. The earths covering is certifiably not a ceaseless layer yet is comprised of many separate units called Tectonic Plates. The plates move by convection flows in the liquid stone of the Mantle. This moves the plates gradually at the pace of a couple of centimeters a year. More than a great many years the mainlands have isolated to arrive at their current positions. At the point when a maritime plate moves beneath a mainland plate, the stone gets exceptionally hot and melts to frame Magma. This at that point arrives at the surface in Volcanoes. Additionally, where the maritime plate moves downwards, a profound zone of ocean bottom is framed. These sorts of zones are called Ocean Trenches. Arrangement of coal and oil: In the carboniferous Era, which kept going 65 million years and finished 280 million years prior: The British Isles was on the equator. The land was tropical backwoods. Coal was produced using dead creatures and plants. The plants didn't decay since they got canvassed in mud so no oxygen could get to them. The coal creases were framed by weight of new stores crushed the tree layers into flimsy creases. Coal was shaped 280 million years prior. Fragmentary Distillation: At the point when oil is siphoned starting from the earliest stage is as a thick, dark, putrid substance called Crude Oil. It is a blend of synthetic substances called hydrocarbons. A blend is only a blend of synthetic concoctions. The numerous hydrocarbons in raw petroleum might be isolated into singular synthetic compounds called Fractions by a procedure called Fractional Distillation. Unrefined petroleum is a blend of Hydrocarbons. They can be isolated by placing the oil into a fractioning section. The raw petroleum is warmed on its way into the segment with the goal that the oil is vanished. This transforms the fluid into a gas. The fume at that point moves into the segment. The synthetic compounds with the least/most?molecules (more carbon iotas) move to the top e. g. petroleum. As the particles become heavier, their breaking points increment. Once at the right temperature the fume consolidates to a fluid and is run off. Raw petroleum contains most fuel and bitumen yet we needn't bother with everything. We need heaps of petroleum (which contains 5-10 carbon particles) however we have an excess of fuel oil and so forth (more than 70 carbon molecules), so what we do is this. We separate huge futile particles to make little, valuable atoms like petroleum by a procedure called splitting. Paraffin is a general name for a gathering of long hydrocarbons utilized as energizes. Whenever blended in with bits of permeable porcelain as an impetus, it tends to be made to experience warm decay or splitting. Permeable methods heaps of openings, which gives an enormous surface region. Warm decay implies separating something with heat. Partial refining of oil (unrefined petroleum) produces various items since oil is a blend of hydrocarbons. The compound in each portion have comparable breaking points. The portions with higher breaking points will in general contain particles with more carbon molecules. These greater particles are for quite some time tied and have bigger atomic masses. When these are singed they produce dingy blazes. They are thick (syrup-like). Subsequently there is popularity for littler particles and less interest for these gigantic atoms. The oil business attempts to adjust the issues of flexibly and request by changing over the less saleable portions into saleable parts. The primary manner by which this is done is by the procedure known as splitting. The responses are typically completed at high temperature utilizing an impetus. We have seen that when enormous hydrocarbon particles are torn open, or broke, they produce littler atoms like Ethene. It is conceivable to join heaps of Ethene atoms together to frame a sort of plastic. Basic structure squares like the paper clasp (or Ethene) are called MONOMERS. At the point when they are made into a long queue of units we consider it a POLYMER. The procedure which changes over bunches of Monomers to a Polymer is called PLYMERISATION. Normal po

Performance Analysis and Simulations Performances Decision Making

Question: Portray about the Performance Analysis and Simulations for Performances Decision Making. Answer: Outline of Report This report looks at Erie, a sensor producing companys execution and dynamic. It incorporates the center goal of the organization to turn into a market head by applying financially savvy creation framework and giving great quality items to its clients. This report additionally incorporates how well the organization manages its clients, rivals and market patterns. The organization manages its client on the purchasing rules of various items. This shows organization manages its clients in a powerful manner as it has separated item sections according to client needs. Along these lines, the organization offers seven items, to be specific, Eat, Ebb, Echo, Edge, Egg, Eqi, and Expres under five classes, viz. customary, low-end, very good quality, execution and size, separately. Then again, Company additionally manages its rivals in a fruitful manner on the grounds that the piece of the pie of Erie is most elevated among its rivals in all rounds. Erie is viable in managing market inclines tha t assists with snatching more open doors for development later on. In addition, this report incorporates recognizing the level of achievement that organization had in accomplishing its expressed objectives. The level of achievement relies upon different elements including investors esteem, deals, benefit, and piece of the overall industry. These variables are successful markers of better execution and possibilities of the organization. All the components mirror the achievement of organization in accomplishing its objectives all through all the rounds. Moreover, this report incorporates examination about business-choices that have been taken as supervisor for accomplishing the objectives of organization. In the event that choices are taken in a powerful way, at that point it prompts increment in efficiency and productivity for the association. Along these lines, this report adequately features the exhibition of various divisions which assists with distinguishing what choices were acceptable and which were poor. Viable client mindfulness and client availability of Erie when contrasted with its rivals shows that the showcasing choices of organization were effective. This prompts increment in deals and benefit of the organization. In addition, the financing choices of organization were distinguished as poor on account of insufficient use of investors cash and resources of the organization. However, in regard of giving profit to its investors, money related choices assume a successful job. This report likewise remembers adequacy of organization for taking creation related choices which are useful in expanding gainfulness of the organization which is reflected from decrease in direct expenses all through all the rounds. Aside from promoting, account and creation division, this report likewise features the significance of TQM and RD. Both of these components are significant for expanding productivity and keeping up maintainability of the business by expanding quality and proficiency in accessibility of the items to its clients. What's more, Eries interest in RD and TQM assists with making log-term benefits for the organization which is reflected in all the rounds. Investigation of Companys Performance Organization Goal Erie is a sensor fabricating organization that produces sensor gadgets for cameras, biometric gadgets and labs-on-a-chip. The objective of this organization is to turn into a market chief. It needs to amplify the benefit utilizing financially savvy creation framework and give greatest item to the clients. The organization needs to make a procedure to examine the market and to facilitate exercises. Technique The organization utilizes separation technique, wherein it fabricates 7 distinct items to meet the necessities of various classification of clients. Under this system, organization separates its image from others. It tries to make the item increasingly alluring by its special characteristics as contrast with different results of the contenders (Ferrell Hartline 2010). This system can give some passage obstructions to contenders because of the dedication of clients. Effective item separation can give an upper hand to the dealer. Organization execution Clients: Throughout all rounds, generally execution of the organization is acceptable. Right off the bat, organization examined the clients of the organization dependent on various rules like value, needs, execution, size, and some more. Organization managed the clients as per the purchasing rules of client for various item. Eries items have been separated by the various fragments, for example, customary, low end, top of the line, execution and size. For instance each portion clients has distinctive value desire like low end section clients attempt to discover sensibly estimated item. Be that as it may, top of the line portion clients, who need best item, are eager to follow through on significant expense for item. Also, each section has distinctive age desires, which is period of time. Conventional section clients incline toward innovation that has been in the market for scarcely any years while top of the line clients need shiny new innovation. MTBF (mean time before disappointment) of an item predicts number of hours that an item is required to worked before it fizzles (Smith 2011). Execution portions client are keen on better MTBF while low end clients are happy with low MTBF. Likewise, blend of size and execution portion is called situating. From the above conversation, it has been examined that organization manages the clients in a successful manner, since organization separated its items as indicated by the need of clients. Contenders: Throughout the rounds, Eries contenders have been portrayed by the piece of the pie of the organization. There were 6 organizations in sensor showcase including Erie. All through the all rounds piece of the pie of the organization was more when contrasted with its rivals. Organization was consistently a market head over the rounds. Thus, the organization satisfied its goal. In addition, it very well may be said that organization manage its rivals in an effective manner. Market pattern: To take choice that how well or not Erie managed the market pattern, it very well may be chosen through the investigation of profit paid by organization to the investors. In the cycle 1 organization paid separated of $1.00 that is lower than its rivals. In any case, over the cycle 2 to cycle 8, profit paid by Erie was $3.00 to $20.00 which more than its rivals (Appendices 4). Market pattern examination helped the organization for the distinguishing proof of chances. Level of accomplishment: Firstly, Erie needed to decide its objectives and destinations to decide its level of achievement. Organization needed to turn into the market chief and augmented its benefits. Then again, organization was given best item to the clients with the viable creation framework. For accomplishing these objectives various factors, for example, investors esteem, deals, benefit, and piece of the overall industry has been thought of, which decided the level of achievement of the organization. Deals: To decide the level of accomplishment, deals of the organization assumes essential job for accomplishing its objectives. Companys deals were legitimately influenced by the interest of the item. Request of the item relied on the mindfulness and availability of the client for various portion items. Over the rounds, openness and mindfulness for Eries item by the client is powerful. That implies item was effectively accessible to client close by their region so the deals between the round 1($165,269,201) to cycle 8 ($353,245,256) was expanding (Appendices 2). Figure: 1 Benefit: Profit assumes a significant job to decide the achievement of the organization. All through the rounds, organization accomplished most extreme benefit. Over the 6 rounds, benefit of the organization was consistently expanding however after the cycle 6, benefit of the organization was barely decreased from $41,577,712 to $34,054,022, the purpose for this was immediate cost (Appendices 3). Direct expense and benefit legitimately related with one another. The expense of the organization was expanded in the cycle 7 and 8 so benefit of the organization has diminished. In spite of the fact that, benefit of the organization was diminished, the organization had the option to keep up its situation as market pioneer. It very well may be said that organization had effectively accomplished its objective of benefit expansion. Figure: 2 Piece of the pie: Market portion of the organization expanded consistently that was useful in accomplishing the objectives of the organization. Piece of the pie of the organization has been resolved by deals and contenders. For the most part, piece of the overall industry is determined by estimating deals of the organization. Over the cycle 1 to cycle 7, deals of the organization were expanding with the goal that piece of the overall industry was constantly expanded from 23.37% to 25.06% (Appendices 1). Erie has great piece of the pie when contrasted with its rivals that implies organization turned into a market head and it satisfied its target. Figure: 3 Investors esteem: Shareholders esteem is useful in deciding the accomplishment of the organization. In this organization there were various factors, for example, profit, yield, and income per share that decide investors esteem. Profit is known as all out profit of the speculator for their venture. Profit assumes significant job in the production of riches. Over the cycle 1 to cycle 8, profit paid by Erie was ceaselessly expanding from $1.00 to $20.00 with the goal that investor put more in the organization and it assisted with keeping up the piece of the overall industry (Appendices 4). Likewise, income per share for Eries investor were expanding all through the rounds from ($0.10) to $4.04 (Appendices 4). Income per share are a helpful proportion of the benefit, when it is contrasted and its rivals. It shows the administration execution that how much cash organization was making for its investors. Over the rounds, EPS of this organization has been expanding, which means showcase cost of offer has expanded. This was useful to dissect the acquiring limit of organization. Then again, hello there

Consider The Political Importance Of Religion With Reference To The

Consider The Political Importance Of Religion With Reference To The Consider The Political Importance Of Religion With Reference To The Country Of Lebanon â€" Essay Example > More than anywhere else religion plays an integral role in Middle Eastern ethnic conflicts, especially the Muslim sates in the Middle East than in Muslim states outside the region. Thereby, meaning that although Islam might have some answers to the importance of religion in the region, it however fails to explain it wholly. The historical significance of religion in the Middle East could give some explanation being the region from where sprouted three major forms of religion. Yet the importance of religion in the Middle East is not a new phenomenon and hence the study done is solely based upon the findings previously discovered (Lynch 2006, p. 14-9). As a region Middle East has always been the least democratic and almost wholly autocratic part in the world. The observant fact is that the Muslim states outside the region of the Middle East are more autocratic as compared to the non-Middle Eastern states yet remain less autocratic than the Middle Eastern states. All the Muslim state s outside the region of Middle East are mostly autocratic than non-Muslim counterparts but less autocratic to the states within the Middle East. Hence Islam may not be fully responsible for the cause of autocracy in the Middle East (Lynch 2006, p. 77-84). To further explain we may take history to throw light on the matter. Democracy and the liberal ideologies are the by-products of the West. Hence it is easy to see that the West is the most democratic part of the world. The regions that remain influenced by the west for example the states of Latin America, which itself started as being a colony of the west and the its people adopting exclusively the western languages are fully democratized. Soviet bloc remains different as having had very little exposure to the central European events namely Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment. For a century it followed what is known as Marxism but today it too is being democratized (Emadi 2001, p. 63-72). In Lebanon there are many religiou s splits and is rather complicated, as the religious groups are numerous. These groups are religiously and demographically very complex and their divisions which are so many date back all the way to at least 15 centuries and hence their age old rivalries continue even today and so is the way in which they live. As of today some coherence can be seen and this was the outcome of the most recent Lebanese Civil War in strife for ethnic cleansing (Emadi 2001, p. 153-166). Although Lebanon harbours the largest proportion of Christians compared to all the Arab countries, yet what is more difficult is the fact that that both Christians and Muslims are sub-divided further into numerous sects. Thereby the statistical portions of the population remain uncertain as the sects have priorities set in increasing their own numbers. Today three sects at least emerge as strongest claiming over 150% (Sorenson 2008, p. 143) of the total population of Lebanon. These being the Shias, sunnies and the min orities. In fear of igniting another Sectarian conflict all Lebanese leaders agree to avoid having a new general census done. It was 1932 that the last census was carried out. census, out of fear that it could trigger a new round of sectarian conflict (Sorenson 2008, p. 198-203).

Low Interest USDA Farming Microloans for US Veterans

Thanks to of all places, the latest Farm Bill, U.S. veterans will find it easier to get low-interest Microloans​ to help them start and maintain small farms and ranches. With the United States running out of farmers, and a growing number of new veterans needing jobs, the farming Microloan program for veterans, administered by the Farm Service Agency (FSA) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, helps serve both needs. Advantages of the Microloans First of all, the 2014 Farm Bill specifically exempts the USDA Veteran Farmer Microloans from the more restrictive repayment terms required by other USDA Direct Operating Loans. In addition, the program offers more flexible access to credit and serves as an especially attractive loan alternative for smaller farming operations like specialty crop producers. Eligible Microloan applicants can borrow up to $35,000, with repayment terms that will not exceed 7 years. Additional loans are available to cover annual operating expenses and are repaid within 12 months or when the agricultural commodities produced are sold. Under the Farm Bill, interest rates for veterans’ Microloans are limited to 5% or the current interest rate for traditional USDA Direct Operating Loans, whichever is less. As of February 2015, the interest rate for a USDA Direct Operating Loan was 2.625%. The USDA has also seen to it that the Microloans for veterans will also have a simplified application process and less stringent requirements regarding farm management experience. No Farming Experience? According to the USDA, the Microloan program administrators realize that many veterans who apply for loans will not have the required â€Å"traditional farm experience† or have not been raised on a farm or ever even lived in a farming community. Also See: New Website Helps US Veterans Find Careers in Agriculture To accommodate them, the FSA says it will consider a veteran’s experience in small business or in any self-guided apprenticeship program as a way to meet the farm management requirement. â€Å"This will assist applicants who have limited farm skills by providing them with an opportunity to gain farm management experience while working with a mentor during the first production and marketing cycle,† states the FSA. What the Microloans Can Be Used For Eligible veterans can use Microloans for: Initial start-up expenses;Annual expenses such as seed, fertilizer, utilities, land rents;Marketing and distribution expenses;Family living expenses;Purchase of livestock, equipment, and other essential materials;Minor farm improvements such as wells and coolers;Hoop houses to extend the growing season;Essential tools;Irrigation; andDelivery vehicles. Eligibility: What is a ‘Veteran Farmer?’ Under the 2014 Farm Bill, â€Å"Veteran Farmers† are finally recognized as a separate and unique class of farmer for purposes of USDA loan eligibility. Except for the requirement of military service, the definition of Veteran Farmer is the same as the long-standing USDA definition of beginning farmers and ranchers. According to the USDA, â€Å"beginning farmers and ranchers,† are defined as persons who have never operated a farm or ranch, or who have operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 consecutive years. So, Microloans for veterans are available to persons who have served in the Armed Services – and – have never operated a farm or ranch, or have operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 years. How to Apply for a Microloan Eligible veterans can either download the USDA Microloan application from the USDA website or pick one up at their local Farm Service Administration field office. Applicants who have problems gathering information or completing the application forms should contact their local Farm Service Administration office for help. After completing the required paperwork, applicants should submit the farm loan application to their local Farm Service Administration office.

Legalizing Active Euthanasia - 953 Words

Ethics Euthanasia is the act of killing a patient who is undergoing a very serious painful disease that can’t be cured. The killing process involved does not involve any pain. There are different classification of euthanasia; involuntary and voluntary, non-voluntary, passive and active euthanasia. Active euthanasia refers to the painless killing of a patient using poison. It is done by administering any poisonous injection to the hopeless patient (Wennberg 175). People across the world, including the Americans, view the theme of active euthanasia differently. Some oppose while others propose depending on the issue at hand. Basing on the arguments, it mostly depends on the effects that come out from it. I argue that the justification of†¦show more content†¦Death should not be planned by anyone instead we should wait. More so, suicide is against Gods wish. Now, focusing on being against the legalization of active euthanasia, based on most research, I found there are principles stated. This includes the principle of protecting and preserving life of a human is against legalizing it. Most of the governments work against committing suicide such as abortion (Wennberg 137). There will be an injustice involved if it is legalized. Not all patients will offer to undergo through the process. However, others prefer to wait for the death that was ordained by God. Therefore, they will suffer from injustice resulted from the authority who enjoys it. Research says that not all people suffering would prefer that silent suicide (Keown 266). Thus, they provide a solution of waiting. Let us base our research conducted by a psychiatrist. Most of the patients are left with a huge burden of choosing the best option to fall on it. Therefore, the patients suffer more due to the pressure in which they are involved. Patients having active euthanasia in mind suffer individual conflicts. In this case, active euthanasia viewed as an immorality in the society. Research says that most of the patients loved ones suffers greatly. They always ask themselves questions like, what if we could have left him to wait for death ordained by God. Therefore, these peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Moral Permissibility of Legalizing Active Euthanasia Essay1442 Words   |  6 PagesPermissibility of Legalizing Active Euthanasia To date, in the united States of America, active euthanasia has been seen as unacceptable in legal terms. However, the issue is not so clear in moral terms among the public, and especially among the medical community. In fact, nearly half of the doctors in the United States say that they would prescribe active euthanasia under certain circumstances. The law that prohibits active euthanasia restricts many peopleRead MoreLegalizing Physician Assisted Suicide And Active Euthanasia843 Words   |  4 PagesFatal Differences The civil argument in the U.S. over whether or not to authorize physician-assisted suicide and active euthanasia has reached new levels of vehemence. Oregon, California, Vermont, and Washington (and Montana, via court ruling) have become the first states to legalize physician-assisted suicide. There has, too, been campaigning, ballot measures, bills, and litigation in other states in attempts to legalize one or both practices. Supporters increasingly urge either absolute legalizationRead MoreAnalysis of Philippa Foots Article on Euthanasia Essay1375 Words   |  6 PagesEuthanasia as defined by the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary is a quiet and easy death. One may wonder, is there such a thing as a quiet and easy death? This is one point that I will discuss in my paper, however the question that my paper will answer is; should active euthanasia be legalized? First, I will look at Philippa Foots article on Euthanasia and discuss my opinions on it. Second, I will look at James Ra chels article on active and passive euthanasia and discuss why I agree with hisRead MoreThe Controversy over Legalizing Euthanasia635 Words   |  3 PagesLegalizing Euthanasia: Euthanasia is described as the practice of killing an individual who is suffering from an incurable illness or disease, which is commonly referred to as assisted suicide. In the past few years, various states have started to consider legislation regarding the legalization of active voluntary euthanasia. The proponents of this practice argue that patients can sometime undergo intolerable and unbelievable suffering and that euthanasia is a potential alternative for alleviatingRead More Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pages Euthanasia is a word that comes from ancient Greece and it refers to â€Å"good death†. In the modern societies euthanasia is defined as taking away people’s lives who suffer from an incurable disease. They usually go through this process by painlessness ways to avoid the greatest pains that occurs from the disease. A huge number of countries in the World are against euthanasia and any specific type of it. One of the mo st important things being discussed nowadays is whether euthanasia should beRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Euthanasia1302 Words   |  6 Pagesbehind Euthanasia In an ethics class I took in high school, I have learned about many controversial topics. One that caught my attention specifically was euthanasia or the â€Å"right to die† as some call it. There are many types of Euthanasia, including active and passive. In class we debated the difference between the two and why passive euthanasia is legal and active is not. Active euthanasia is defined as â€Å"a person directly and deliberately causing the patient s death.† (Forms of euthanasia) PassiveRead MoreActive And Passive Euthanasia Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pages Rachels and Brock In â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia† Rachels demonstrates the similarities between passive and active euthanasia. He claims that if one is permissible, than the other must also be accessible to a patient who prefers that particular fate. Rachels spends the majority of the article arguing against the recommendations of the AMA. The AMA proposes that active euthanasia contradicts what the medical profession stands for. The AMA thinks that ending a person’s life is ethically wrongRead MoreEuthanasia Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesEuthanasia PART A: SUMMARY I would like to begin by defining the issue of the article by Patrick Nowell-Smith. The issue of his article is legalizing euthanasia and giving people a right to decide when and how to die. What is euthanasia and why is it such a complex matter that raises all different kinds of opinions? According to the American Dictionary, euthanasia is defined as the act or practice of ending the life of an individual suffering from a terminal illness or an incurableRead MoreWhy Should Unnecessary Suffering Accompany Death? Essay example1138 Words   |  5 PagesEuthanasia is a subject shrouded in controversy. Euthanasia plays on many human emotions and values because the human race holds life as sacred. People in every society have rules governing the termination of their fellow humans. Sadly, there are times when people are faced with the difficult decision concerning what should be done for a loved one who is terminally ill, and no longer has hope of a good quality of life? The controversy lies within the human comprehension of right and wrong. Read MoreThe Slippery Slope Of Euthanasia1396 Words   |  6 Pagesslippery slope argument has been ongoing in the euthanasia de bate. The â€Å"slippery slope† refers to the belief that legalizing voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide will lead to undesirable outcomes. Many speculate that the legalization of involuntary euthanasia will lead to the legalization of murder. Since euthanasia is legalized in the Netherlands, some argue that it has caused a slippery slope. Now, people believe legalizing euthanasia in the United States will also cause a slippery

Learning V/S Cramming Free Essays

Learning and cramming are two words which definitely need no introduction. But, for the sake of this session, I’ll take up the task of explicating these terms. Someone has very rightly quoted; learning is like rowing upstream, it steers us through all difficulties, but cramming leaves us nowhere. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning V/S Cramming or any similar topic only for you Order Now Learning means to commit to memory any given text. This process of memorizing surely pays rich dividends to students. Cramming is the practice of working intensively to absorb large amounts of informational material in short amount of time.Cramming is strongly discouraged by educators because the hurried coverage of material tends to result in poor long-term retention of material. It is just a tantrum thrown by students, who are not interested in studies, just to show that they study and have understood the concept of their chapters. Learning is advantageous as one can only learn that text which he has understood and goes into his long-term memory, enabling him to use it anywhere, anytime, any situation. But, cramming is a pure rattafication, which is similar to rote learning, a technique which focuses on memorization instead of understanding a subject. By definition, cramming eschews comprehension, so it is an ineffective tool in mastering any complex subject at an advanced level. Cramming is frequently used to prepare quickly for exams. Cramming is sometimes disparaged with derogative words such as parrot fashion, and mugging because one who engages in cramming may give the wrong impression of having understood what they have written or said. The pressure to excel academically has led to cramming behavior among students as young as five years old. How to cite Learning V/S Cramming, Essays

Regulatory Failure in Electricity Sector †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Regulatory Failure in Electricity Sector. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this assignment is to analyze the financial markets of two countries and make a comparison on the same. For the purpose of this report, the two countries which have been selected are Australia and Singapore. As per Stachowiak-kudla Kudla, (2017), Financial regulations may be defined as the form of regulation which various financial institutions are subjected to certain rules and regulations which are to be followed by the bank in order to maintain the integrity of the financial system (Stachowiak-Kud?a Kud?a, 2017). Such regulations may be present upon both governmental and non-governmental institutions. In other words, the introduction of financial regulations has ensured that there is greater efficiency in the financial system and there is availability of financial products. The report in the first part of the assignment will be focusing on the aspects of literature review which is to be conducted on the basis of the two countries selected. The literature review will be concerning the regulatory financial market present in Singapore and Australia. The report will be revealing the regulatory problems which are faced by the companies and also segregates what are the different aspects of the regulatory market and who takes the major decisions (Young, 2013). The second part of the assignment will be dealing with the Regulatory capture theory which will be analyzing the regulatory markets of Singapore and Australia. In order to properly explain and relate the concepts with the two countries selected, the primary thing to understand is the meaning of capture theory and how the theory is useful (Brink, Lowe Victoravich, 2013). Lastly the report will be ending with a conclusion which will be providing the results which are related to the comparison. In the case of Australia, the IFRS standard were implemented with the primary focus to make the financial statements presentable, comparable, transparent and free from material misstatement. The standards were issued to make the accounting process a bit simple and accurate as well. The implementation of the IFRS standard were at first difficult to understand as such would be requiring proper understanding of the standard in order to carry out the treatments which were provided in the standard. This situation posed a problem for the management of the company, its shareholders and even the auditors of the company as they are used to following the old standard which the IFRS standards replaced. In addition to this, there have been other problems which are associated with the political and legal factors related to the implementation of IFRS standards. On the other hand, it can be taken as a opportunity of to develop additional skills and proper understandings of the treatments which are there in the IFRS standard (Ahmed, Neel Wang, 2013). The standard which are issued by the Singapore board which issues standard faces certain problems which are related to effective implementation of the standard. An example can be given of the FRS 115 which dealt with revenue structure. Many companies were having difficulties in implementation of the standard (Horton, Serafeim Serafeim, 2013). As per the research conducted there are a majority of companies which are having difficulty in implementation of the standard as per the regulatory frame work of the business. Regulatory Environment Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB) is an agency of the Australian Government. The main purpose of the board is to look after the accounting process and also issues standards on the basis of which financial statements are prepared and a regulatory environment is created (Rahman, 2013). When the country adopted the accounting standard for the first time, minor adjustments were made which were related to removing certain items and adding more disclosure requirements. In the year 2007, AASB made certain kind adjustments in order to make the standard identical with the standards which were issued by IFRS. In addition to this, a new differential reporting system was introduced which stated that all accounting standards should be measured which are equivalent to IFRS standards issued. However, this reporting standard reduced the disclosures requirement of the standard. In the case of Singapore, Accounting Standard Council (ASC) is responsible for the adoption of SFRS. The group of entities for reporting the entity under the common control is considered under common control which is based under a single customer (Low et al., 2013). The main use of the regulatory framework decisions is with the government agencies which are also under single customers. The important legislations which were present in SFRS is consistent with the view of IFRS and therefore a standard is to be issued by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB). The financial statements are on the basis of which potential investors of the company takes important decisions. The various users of the financial statements of the company are creditors, debtors, stakeholders and the public at large. Adoption of IFRS The effective date on which Australia had adopted the IFRSs standard was on 1st January 2005. The adoption of the IFRS standard by the companies which operated in Australia went about smoothly and it was especially useful to record transactions which were related with not-for- profit organization (Perera Chand, 2015). There still remains several scopes for improvements which can improve the quality of the reporting and also the cost effectiveness of the reporting framework. In addition to this as the IFRS standard is an internationally followed standard therefore the users of the financial statements in Australia will able to follow and understand financial statements of foreign companies which follow IFRS standards. In the case of Singapore, the implementation of SFRS standard which are equivalent to the standard issued by IFRS. The accounting problems and issues are looked after by Accounting Standard Council (ASC). The recognition of the importance for the ASC has affirmed that Singapore financial reporting standard registered BTs: IFRS. The IFRS convergence, ISCA has depicted audit partners from different public accounting firms. The converging exercise is required to highlight the main considerations for the entities converging with the SG-IFRS (Ramanna Sletten, 2014). The standard which are set by the boards are mandatory to follow when the companies are preparing financial statements. Regulatory Capture Theory and its Usefulness The regulated capture theory was introduced by George Stigler who won the noble prize in economics for his work. The capture theory states that the process by which agencies regulate industries comes to be dominating with the industry requiring regulation. The regulatory capture takes place when the agency is formed in order to act in the best interest of the public (Carpenter Moss, 2013). This acts in a way which can provide benefits for the common interest of the public. In simple words it can be said that regulatory capture is a form of government failure which takes place when a regulatory body which have been set up by the government to act in the public interest, engages in activities which are not in the interest of the general people. Instead the regulatory body acts on the behalf of certain political or commercial concerns of special interest groups that dominates the industry on which the regulatory body was charged of governance (Potter, Olejarski Pfister, 2014). In such cases, the interest of the business or some political groups are given more preference and their interests are considered on a priority basis instead of the interests of the general public. The government agencies which are responsible for the regulation of a particular industry when gets captured are known as captured industries. Regulatory capture takes place because individuals or groups of people who have a high stake in a company is expected to react if the government brings about certain regulations in the Industries through implementations of policies which are guided by agencies. Such groups or individual will use all its resources and power to get the policies which are most favourable for the group or individual. This has been further seen to be providing benefit to the industry it is supposed to be regulating, rather than the public. The regulatory capture theory can be pointed out as a failure on the part of the government which occurs when the regulatory agency is crea ted to act with the public interest instead of the advances from the political or the commercial concerns of special interests. The regulatory capture theory is a part of economic regulations which is picture of nowadays economic regulations which are placed by the government. The persons who are involved in a particular industry that is have significant interest in an industry are naturally to have interest in the control and regulations of the company. In addition to this, due to the interest of the public in particular industries or the activities of the industry, they have a close relationship with the agencies which are set by the government to regulate the same industry. For the effective regulation of the particular industry or activities, there should be appropriate understanding of the nature and policies of the company. The regulators who have been given responsibility for effective regulation of the industry might not act in the best interest of the public and use the adv antage to secure their own personal gains out of the authority provided to them (Nepal Jamasb, 2015). The agencies which are created for the public interest are considered to be controlled by industries on whom the captured industries were charged. The situation which occurs in the case of regulatory capture agencies and the industries on which the capture was be to be made as a gamekeeper and poacher situation. In other words, it can be said that the agencies which were appointed to work in the best interest of the company becomes the threat and works against the best interest of the company. In other words, the agency ignores the role which was given to it due to some personal interests. The theory of regulatory capture is closely linked with the branch of public choice which is often stated as the economics of regulation; and economics in the speciality are critical for the conceptualization of the government regulatory intervention. The theory of regulatory capture is associated with nature of risks which are related to the agencies itself (Magat, Krupnick Harrington, 2013). The various measures which can be given on the basis of the regulatory environment has been further able to related the different type the theories and suggest that these theories are to be protected from the outside influence as much as possible. The recent interpretations of the regulatory capture theory has been able to suggest on the mature democracies considered with the high levels of the transparency and the media which is exposed to the higher levels of corruptions. Regulatory capture is the core focus of the economics of regulation and they are of the view that the governmental regulations are implemented by the government for the overall public welfare and not for individual or groups interest this shows that regulatory capture has a risk to overall welfare of the people. The measures which can be recommended for mitigating the capturing of agencies is through increased transparency of the agencies. The transparency of the agencies will be allowing the government to keep a tr ack of the activities of the agency and also ensure that the regulatory powers which are given to the agency are not being misused by the agencies. Characteristics which suggest Regulatory Environment being Captured The analysis of the regulatory environment along with understanding what are the characteristic of a regulatory markets need to be done primarily. The first step is to identify the different types of environment which have regulatory environment. It also shows that IFRS Framework is not only helping the cost savings but also by helping in proper implementation of the financial reports. In general circumstances there have been several instances where the companies have benefitted with the implementation of the IFRS framework. These changes have been tracked when companies are seen to be controlled by the industries which were charged with the captured agencies. In several occasions the difficulties in the implementation of the NFP standards developed by the AASB has been favourable in the implementation of IFRS. An example of regulatory capture which has taken place in Australia. The taxi industry which operate in Melbourne faces such an issue. The operators are given extensive powers to collect the license taxes which are associated with the business and have an access to funds which are around half a million dollars. Such operators misuse their positions in order to extract personal gains from the power which they possess. Therefore it can be said that the capture theory is followed in the economy of Australia. The regulatory environment which were identified were able to comply with the medium sized environment which is needed to be disclosed as per the disclosure requirements of the standard. The literature review which was conducted on Singapore was able to identify the means which can be sued to provide benefits to the general public. The situation can be handled effectively if the Singapore government issues frameworks of statutory rules and regulations in order to combat the situation. The government of Singapore needs to make rapid changes in the financial regulatory environment of the country in order to facilitate fair regulatory practices in the country. Conclusion The report deals with the analysis of the regulatory markets of two countries which in this case is Australia and Singapore. After the analysis of the markets it can be said that in both markets IFRS Framework or SFRS framework has been implemented. The companies which are operating in Australia have mostly implemented the framework and the companies which are operating in Singapore will be following SFRS standards which are equivalent to the respective IFRS Standard. However, it is to be remembered that the handling and interpretation of the IFRS standard requires the people involved in the use of the method are fully aware of the bests and understand the framework for effective interpretation of the same. The problems which are there with the problems are associated with the proper understanding and proper training of the IFRS standard. The users of the financial statements which can face problems are investors, regulators, auditors as well as any interest party in the financial st atement of the company. This is also considered as a major challenge for following the requirements of gaining addition skills for application and evaluation of IFRS. There is a problem of the SFRS which is recognized due to the challenges which are faced by the business which pertains to the introducing a new revenue standard. The significant findings on the working of regulatory environment have shown the first adoption of the IFRS as Australian Accounting Standards, the AASB made some modifications to IFRSs, including removing some options and adding some disclosures. In addition to this, in Singapore the Accounting Standards council (ASC) has the statutory authority for issuing SFRS adoption. The countrys progress towards the adoption of IFRS has been identified with Australia's adoption of IFRS being effective from 1 January 2005. In the case of treatment of NFP transactions, the IFRS framework is useful which was developed by AASB. In Singapore, ASC introduced SFRS which are S ingapores equivalent of the International Financial Reporting Standard. Reference Ahmed, A. S., Neel, M., Wang, D. (2013). Does mandatory adoption of IFRS improve accounting quality? Preliminary evidence.Contemporary Accounting Research,30(4), 1344-1372. Brink, A. G., Lowe, D. J., Victoravich, L. M. (2013). The effect of evidence strength and internal rewards on intentions to report fraud in the Dodd-Frank regulatory environment.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,32(3), 87-104. Carpenter, D., Moss, D. A. (Eds.). (2013).Preventing regulatory capture: Special interest influence and how to limit it. Cambridge University Press. Horton, J., Serafeim, G., Serafeim, I. (2013). Does mandatory IFRS adoption improve the information environment?.Contemporary accounting research,30(1), 388-423. Low, S. P., Liu, J. Y., Ng, S. H. M., Liu, X. (2013). Enterprise risk management and the performance of local contractors in Singapore.International Journal of Construction Management,13(2), 27-41. Magat, W., Krupnick, A. J., Harrington, W. (2013).Rules in the making: A statistical analysis of regulatory agency behavior. Routledge. Nepal, R., Jamasb, T. (2015). Caught between theory and practice: Government, market, and regulatory failure in electricity sector reforms.Economic Analysis and Policy,46, 16-24. Perera, D., Chand, P. (2015). Issues in the adoption of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMES).Advances in Accounting,31(1), 165-178. Potter, M. R., Olejarski, A. M., Pfister, S. M. (2014). Capture theory and the public interest: Balancing competing values to ensure regulatory effectiveness.International Journal of Public Administration,37(10), 638-645. Rahman, A. R. (2013).The Australian Accounting Standards Review Board (RLE Accounting): The Establishment of Its Participa Ramanna, K., Sletten, E. (2014). Network effects in countries adoption of IFRS. Accounting Review, 89(4), 15171543. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-50717 Stachowiak-Kud?a, M., Kud?a, J. (2017). Financial regulations and the diversification of funding sources in higher education institutions: selected European experiences.Studies in Higher Education,42(9), 1718-1735. Young, K. (2013). Financial industry groups' adaptation to the post?crisis regulatory environment: Changing approaches to the policy cycle.Regulation Governance,7(4), 460-480.

5 Tips to Make Your Phone and Laptop More Useful at College

The college campus has changed significantly over the past decade or so. Lecture halls and study spaces that were formerly filled with paper notebooks, textbooks, pens, and pencils are now occupied by laptops, tablets, and mobile phones.While digital devices have brought quick access to a wealth of information, improved communication among students and faculty, and have made submitting assignments and exams far simpler, it’s no secret that they also bring a limitless set of distractions to academia. For example, students scrolling Facebook or browsing memes weren’t issues in a 1970s college classroom, but are certainly common distractions in classrooms of today. So, how does a college student who wants to focus on achieving to the best of his or her academic ability eliminate distraction and maximize productivity when it comes to their connected devices? I’ve come up with a list of ways you can make your phone and laptop (and tablet) more useful and less distracting while trying to get the most of your college tuition. Please note that I’m not affiliated with any of the links below (other than Skooli Online Tutoring), nor am I being paid to include them in the article. They’re just suggestions to help you have a better experience!1. Take control of your phone! Manage your notifications. When it comes to producing good academic work or studying efficiently for an upcoming exam, mobile phone notifications are like mosquitoes - they serve no good purpose and should be eliminated. Notifications have the ability to take an app that you are paying absolutely no attention to and bring it to the forefront of your attention. I recommend turning off your phone notifications for social media (including Snapchat!), texts, and other messaging platforms to begin with. The 10 or 20 minutes it will take you to set your notifications up in a way that’s best for you will be totally worth it when you’re twice as productive during your next study session.2. Temporarily block sites that are bound to be a distraction. If you’re the type of person who bounces back and forth between tabs and windows, quickly shuffling from Spotify, to your assignment, to the dastardly depths of your favourite social media black hole, then perhaps it’s time to install an app or browser extension to help you control your urges. Here are some suggested options:Freedom - This app is available for iOS and Android users alike. Download it and install it on your phone to stop you from visiting distracting websites and using distracting apps. StayFocusd - StayFocusd is an extension for your Chrome internet browser that prevents you from wasting time on distracting sites. 3. Download and install apps that will help you, not distract you. Now that you’ve frozen the bad apps, it’s time to download and install some that will help you make the most of your time. Try some of these to start: Medium- I recommend using Medium to follow topics and authors related your area(s) of study. You can find good quality writing citing academic material all over this site. And even if you don’t, it’s a great place to find thought leadership material that will help you become informed on the topics you need to know about. Download links: Medium for iOS, Medium for Andriod Asana - Do you have lots of group work? How about projects with several subtasks to take care of? Asana is a great tool to organize tasks and manage teams. It will also reward you for completing tasks by sending a unicorn streaking across your screen. Asana for iOS, Asana for Android 4. Use the cloud. I’ve suggested making the move to Google Drive on ’s blog before (7 Pieces of Advice for First Year College Students), but I think this one is such a difference-maker that I should emphasize it again. In 2016, forgetting to save or encountering a hard drive problem should not be an excuse for losing an assignment. Moving to the cloud for saving your work (or even just to create a backup of your locally stored file) will ensure you don’t lose anything and will allow you to access your files from any device, whether it’s your phone, laptop, tablet, or a desktop computer on campus. 5. Use your devices to get help from the right people. If you’re ever stuck on a math problem, confused about a concept, or undergoing a serious case of writer’s block, ask for help! Asking for help with college classwork is so much easier in 2016 than ever before. Instead of using your phone to apply a cute dog filter or like the picture of your friend from high school, reach out to people who can help you. You could email your prof or teaching assistant, call a classmate, or find a network of experts in your area of study. At Skooli, we receive messages from college students looking for help all the time. In turn, we’re able to set them up with the best online tutorfor them. The digital era of academia has its pros and its cons. Your connected devices are double edged swords; they have the potential to enable you to achieve great things while at college, but, as constant distractions, they also have the ability to hinder your progress. It’s my hope that you keep the sword cutting in the right direction by using the tips above to keep productive at school, meet your goals every semester, and save Snapchat for between classes and study hours. Happy studying.

A Comparative Study of four Toothpaste Brands to develop Strategy for Consumer Sales Promotion Essays

A Comparative Study of four Toothpaste Brands to develop Strategy for Consumer Sales Promotion Essays A Comparative Study of four Toothpaste Brands to develop Strategy for Consumer Sales Promotion Essay A Comparative Study of four Toothpaste Brands to develop Strategy for Consumer Sales Promotion Essay Essay Topic: Marketing Sales promotion has become a ubiquitous element of marketing, and therefore of the customers purchase environment. They offer direct inducements to act by providing extra worth over and above what is built into the product at its normal price. These temporary inducements are offered usually at a time and place where the buying decision is made. It enhances the benefit perception of the product in the eyes of customers. As a result customers purchase more quantity than their immediate requirements. Despite the inbuilt feature of directness, sales promotions are a very complicated and rich tool of marketing with innumerable creative possibilities limited only by the imagination of promotion planners. Sales promotions are often referred to by names of extra purchase-value (EPV) and below the line selling. to purchase a product immediately, either by lowering the price or by adding value. There are institutions like NCH Promotional Services in United States of America and Institute of Sales Promotion in England, which are directly concerned with studies on different issues related to Sales Promotion specially consumer offers. These countries in the west have been especially focusing on this area because they know that it is a significant marketing tool and a big business one that would continue to grow each year. Today sales promotion has become the most cost-effective marketing tool to attract consumer. It is capable of inducing first trials for new launches and breaking loyal customer of competitors brand. Whatever is the objective of a sales promotion offer, they generally show positive results, that too, quite soon. Realising a growing importance of sales promotion in marketing of FMCG, there is a need to understand them in context of each product category, targeting a specific consumer segment, and in a defined market. To enrich the understanding of various issues related to sales promotion, a well-supported research-work should be undertaken on a continuous basis. A central agency or a body solely dedicated for developing this important marketing tool- the sales promotion becomes imperative. Sales Promotion in Toothpaste amounts to lacs of rupees each year, and yet the strategy behind the design of sales promotion scheme is still a mystery. The purpose of this study was to provide insight on the importance of two features while formulating a sales promotion scheme in toothpaste and like category of products Offer itself Mode of Accessibility of the Gift. The study has been conducted in three phases. The first phase consists of literature survey. It helped in defining the concept of sales promotion, the role it plays in consumer buying behaviour. Sales promotion consists of a diverse collection of incentive tools, mostly short-term, designed to stimulate quicker and/or greater purchases of a particular product by consumers or traders. (Kotler, 1988, p. 45). This and other definitions recognize that sales promotion motivates consumers. Also it was observed that in India nothing substantial has been done as far as this issue is concerned. This was one of the main reasons why this research was undertaken. In the second stage of the study, response of some 350 consumers was taken with the help of a structured questionnaire. The respondents were randomly selected from the exit point of the retail outlets in the city of Lucknow. They were asked to rank the eleven categories of sales promotion schemes on the basis of their attractiveness with respect to FMCG products. These consumers were also asked to comment on at least two most attractive and two least attractive sales promotion offers they had ranked. They were probed to highlight the attributes of those offers and were recorded verbatim. From the analysis of the second stage, two significant findings emerged. First, the two most preferred and attractive sales promotion offers out of a total of eleven categories broadly available in the market with the FMCG product categories. Second, the attributes because of which the offers are considered as more attractive than rest of the offers. Once these findings could be generated from the second stage of the research, these were then used in the third stage of the research. In this stage the researcher on the basis of the experience and findings of the second stage of the research, derived four categories of sales promotion offers that were found to be most attractive by consumers. Here it is important to note that these four categories of offers were formulated by visualizing the features, which were present in the top two offer categories. That is, these four were derivations of the top two offers. Similarly, the attributes, which were most preferred, were selected and these were then translated into the four categories of mode of accessibility of the gift offered in the promotion. It was concluded from stage one that the most important attribute for the consumers in an offer is the method by which the gift attached to the offer is available to the consumer. Therefore, four most probable ways to access the gift along with the offer were derived. A group discussion session was also conducted before arriving at final four modes of accessibility. These four derived offers and the four derived modes, along with the four most commonly used brands used by the consumers and the four different pricing of 150gm pack of toothpaste was used to run conjoint analysis in the second stage. Conjoint analysis was used to obtain individual weights on the willingness to purchase toothpaste with given sales promotion offers and mode of accessibility of the gift attached with the offer and in the available price range. This phase consists of conducting pilot study with consumers, applying conjoint analysis technique (keeping in view the multi-attribute nature of sales promotion schemes), designing orthogonal plan cards, determining the sample size; and lastly collecting the data. The last phase of the study deals with analyzing the data through conjoint analysis subroutine of SPSS package, and then using ANOVA to draw inferences. At last, the Strategic implications of survey findings are discussed. The offer/scheme while formulating any consumer sales promotion is of utmost importance. Next to it in importance is the Mode of accessibility of the gift in the offer, which is almost equal to offer as far as score/weights generated by SPSS is concerned. The price of the toothpaste comes next in importance and the least important is the Brand. Thus, we can conclude that it is not the sales promotion offer, which attracts the consumers; rather it is the WAY / METHOD in which the offer is Communicated and Implemented by the company.

Steve Jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Steve Jobs - Essay Example Jobs actively get involved in the process whether that is his department of operation or not. Due to his different style of management and remarkable success in global business, most references relating to entrepreneurship are drawn from him. He portrays a different way of doing the same things we are used to, and sees the normal things that we see in a different version. Any start up businessperson who aims to succeed has to draw quite a lot of inference from Jobs, and then apply creativity in running of the enterprise. Most start up business actually does not live beyond the initial stages and end up collapsing a few days in operation. Their owners loose hope, focus, and vision too fast that their dream becomes nothing more than a curse. At liquidation, the owners loose capital invested, time, and efforts. It is due to these reasons that learning how Steve Jobs managed to put Apple Corporation and provide great products to the world is important for any aspiring start up business o wner (Napier, 2006). A start up business requires owner involvement and participation in the running of the business. Just as Steve Jobs was involved in every aspect of the production process of the products Apple manufactured and was able to monitor them to the product, a startup business owner should be there to monitor the progress of the business. Understanding the weaknesses and majoring on these weaknesses are the strengths of a business. The entrepreneur understands the various difficulties that the business is facing. Environment of operation of the business is yet another aspect of a business the entrepreneur understands by involvement in the daily operations of the business. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses the business faces is key in its success. For Steve, the simple things regarded as final touches of a product matter to him a lot. The color of the computer casing, the sound a product produces when opened or closed or the size of the product to him is strengt h. He asks questions relating to these issues, and makes sure that he understands every bit of them, for example, why the designers opted for a black casing instead of a blue or yellow one. Through this, Steve has managed to understand the kind of weaknesses the business face with in its operations. For a businessperson, understanding the simple things goes a long way in understanding the needs of customers. Prioritizing on these needs wins the business more customers and gives a competitive advantage over other companies (McDaniel & Gitman, 2009). Knowing where an entrepreneur’s talent and passion lies is a better way to develop a business idea. According to Jobs, his area of passion is what brought the huge success that he is today. Entrepreneurship is a hard task and requires patience and not unless a potential entrepreneur majors on his area of strengths and where he feels he is more passionate, the hurdles experienced in the field would be will definitely break him (McDa niel & Gitman, 2009). Jobs, while advising young entrepreneurs said, â€Å"Go out and get a job as a busboy until you find something you’re really passionate about.† Passion drives desire and investing in a passionate field makes a person look forward to working the following day. Great ideas are born out of creativity, with a broader understanding of a particular phenomenon or aspect of a product leading to a

Laws Governing Labor and Employment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Laws Governing Labor and Employment - Essay Example Furthermore, the company has to have more than 50 employees within a radius of 75 miles. The regulation also requires that employers: Protect their employees from any form of retaliation by an employer for such rights. Guard employee benefits while they are gone for leave. All employee benefits before they went on leave have to be reinstated. Protect the employee from being denied their right to go on leave under the act. Offer the exact health insurance benefits, which have to include company contributions to premiums that would be awarded should the employee go on leave. The employees on leave have to come back to a similar position they worked in before they went on leave. If the exact position is not available, then the employer has to offer a position that is equal in pay, responsibility, and benefits. Lastly, they have to be given occasional leave should they face any serious ill health, or that of a family condition, which include intermittent leave for appointments to the doc tor for treatment, therapies or other serious conditions (Goldman & Sigmond, 2010). Non-eligible types of leave and workers These regulations do not apply to: Workers in companies with less than 50 employees; nonetheless, the threshold does not apply to local educational and employer agencies. Part-time workers with less than 1,250 hours within a paid vacation and the 12 months period; Employees in need of leave to take care for elderly parents who are not parents; Employees needing time to recover from common illnesses like common cold or flu. Workers in need of regular medical checkups The employee in situation A has toiled for the company for at least two years. He took and 11 week leave to be with his spouse who had given birth to twins prematurely. So far, he has not broken the rules governing the employment law. Firstly, he has gone for 11 weeks of the maximum 12 and has been working for over two years. However, there is not provision for someone to be paid. Therefore, the new manager is not forced to release the employee’s salary for the time he was away. His spouse had given birth to twins prematurely, which is catered for in the AFMLA. Nonetheless, the new manager has not infringed the right to leave of the gentleman. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) The ADEA bars discrimination against employees 40 years of age and more. Employers are not allowed to: Snub, fire, or discharge a person because of the certain terms, compensation, or employment privileges in view of their individual age (Miller, Jentz, & Jentz, 2009). To lessen the wage rate of any worker to comply with the above regulations; To classify, isolate, or limit employees in ways that would deny or deprive the individuals of employment avenues because of their age. Furthermore, it will be unlawful for employment agencies to refuse to discriminate against any person because of their age. There are also other laws tackling labor organizations; Labor organizations ar e not allowed: To expel or exclude any person from its membership because of age; To classify, segregate, limit, classify or refuse to employ any person in ways that would deny employment opportunities. To try or cause any employer to discriminate against employees in violations of the regulation; In situation B, the employee in question is 68 years of age and nearing his retirement. However, he has worked for the company

The Strategies to achieve competitive positions

The Strategies to achieve competitive positions Choose one of the four competitive positions mentioned in the strategy lecture and discuss, using examples, the marketing strategies an organisation would employ to achieve that position. Competitive strategies are chosen by firms depending on their roles in the market leader, challenger, follower or nicher. This essay will focus on firms who are market leaders and what marketing strategies are used to help them achieve that position. Every industry has its own market leader. Kotler, P. (2005) believes the market leader is one that has the largest market share or highest profitability margin in a given market for goods and services. Market leader often leads other firms in product innovation, price changes; distribution channels and promotion strategies. Good examples of market leaders would be Apple with their ranges of IPod, touch phones and tablet computer, Google with its search engine, social networking Facebook and Tesco (supermarket chains). Market leadership is extremely important. Almost every firm wants to be the first in the market. The reason is not only the revenue but it is because most customers prefer to buy from leaders. They perceive leaders to be better and they perceive leaders to be a safer purchase. Reference groups are great in influencing consumers behaviour. People tend to buy from where everyone else buys, this helps strengthening the leaders position. To become a market leader, a firm needs to own and control the relevant technology in whatever market it is in either through the use of patent or other proprietary protections. Moreover, it needs to adopt and implement better technologies directly, whenever they become available, regardless of whether or not any other organisations are currently using them. It is critical to be the first to use a technology or create a category for a product. Then make it an industry standard. Baines, P., Fill, C. Page, K. (2008) defined the two main strategies used by firms to achieve market leadership position are: Attack the market Defend the position Apart from expanding the total demand and protecting market share, the market leaders should try to expanding market share, even if market size remains constant (Kotler Gary, 2005). Forth strategy is proposed by Brassington, F Pettitt, S. (2006) who believed that companies should also seek stability and retention of customer base. In this essay, the four strategies will be analysed with appropriate examples of firms that applied those strategies successfully and firms that failed during competition. Attack the market Attack the market can be operated in different ways. The firms can create new uses, new consumers categories or increase frequency of use. This strategy is extremely popular as the dominant firm normally gains the most when the total market expands. In general, the market leader should look for new customers or more usage from existing customers. Every product has the potential of attracting buyers who are unaware of the product or who are still under consideration because of price or the products do not have some certain features. A company can search for new users among three groups: those who might use it but do not (market-penetration strategy), those who have never used it (new-market segment strategy), or those who live elsewhere (geographical-expansion strategy). Example: Johnson Johnson baby shampoo was losing market share due to birth rate declining, they had expand their customers segmentation, targeting adults which helped them regain their leader position. (New user) Kelloggs Crunchy Nut has expanded their ranges and introduced snack bars which increase frequency of use, relatively increase sales of the product. Defend the position/Protect market share The leader must constantly monitor the market because the market challenger is persistently trying to take away market share or worse, to replace the leaders position in the market. The firms can defend their positions in the market and their market share by monitoring their position, regular innovation; eliminate any weaknesses, price cutting and discount, increases promotion. Defend the position in the market is a difficult task for market leaders since they may be under attack from numbers of different competitors small to medium firms in the existing market or big players want to expand from a completely different industry. Although defence strategies may require a deployment of resources to defend different parts of the operation, it is hard of a challenger brand to dislodge a market leader if the market leader is actively defending territory. There are six different ways in defense strategy which are: Position defense (purely defensive is not enough, firms must take offensive counter-measure). It is considered as the least successful in the defense strategies. This defense was use by Mercedes until Toyota launched a frontal attack with its Lexus. Mobile defense (more than aggressively defend, stretches domain over new territories) E.g.: Legend Holdings, the top China PC maker Legend has announced a joint venture with AOL to broaden its business to provide Internet services in the mainland. Flanking defense (guarding territory is not enough, firms must create outposts/flanks to protect weak front and invasion base for counter attack) E.g. Gold Eagle is a flanking brand introduced by San Miguel in the Philippines as a defense against APBs Beerhausen. Contraction defense (strategic withdrawal: give up weak territories, concentrates strength and resources at more dependable areas). The market leader must make its own assessment to prioritise the importance of territories and should be willing to relinquish those that are not important to defend for those that are. E.g. Indias TATA Group sold its soaps and detergents business units to Unilever in 1993 or Ford retired T-birds and Probe to focus on Contour and Taurus. Pre-emptive defense (Detect potential attacks and attack the enemies first) Seiko with 2,300 watch models is considered as a successful example for this category while Heinz proved failure as they did not respond to Hunts attack which leaded to Hunt established a rival brand. Counter-offensive defense (Respond to competitors head-on attack by identifying the attackers weakness and then launch a counter attack) E.g. Toyota launched the Lexus to respond to Mercedes attack. Continuous innovation is considered as the best way to protect market share and is required for long-term leadership. When leaders become self-satisfied with their products or services, it becomes easier for the challenger to make progress. In large markets, small increases in market share can turn into great sales increases; a one-point gain in market share can be worth hundreds of millions of pounds. However not every firm understands the importance of continuous innovative process and often failed in retaining their positions in the market. Companies are hindered from investing and following through with innovation because they fear cannibalising established products (Tellis Golder, 1996). In order to protect mainframe sales, IBM obstructed its development of minicomputers and workstations while competitors kept making inroads into the mainframe market. Another reason why companies are less worried about innovation is that they are satisfied with their progress. Yahoo was satisfied with its social networking Yahoo 360Â  [1]Â  until the company started to lose market share to Facebook and Friendster in Asia. Thirdly, large bureaucracies can discourage innovations or slow the progress when companies bring new products to market. GM and IBM are well-known examples for this problem. Despite their technological strength and financial resources, both companies were slow to bring out new products because of their bureaucratic approval process. Firms that do well in continuous innovation are Apple, Procter Gamble. Apple was certainly not the first manufacturer to MP3 players but its iPod was totally different to anything else on the market at the time of its release. Apple has a large range of IPod from IPod shuffle, IPod Nano with stylish shapes or IPod classic for music lovers as they can hold a great number of files and IPod touch for multifunctional uses. The firm also introduced to its customers a range of IPhone from 2G-3GS and promising the new version of IPhone (IPhone 5) in 2011. Procter Gamble the worlds largest consumer products company- takes innovation seriously which shown in their heavily investment in innovative process. They outspend competition in Research and Development believing if they provide branded products of superior quality and value that improve the lives of the worlds consumers, consumers will reward them with leadership sales, profit and value creations. They are well-known for their open innovation outlook. As not all brilliant ideas are coming from internal, it is critically for firms to seek new ideas, innovations from outside. PG has introduced three different networks in which they encouraged their employees to interact with outside world or link different companies in different part of the world working towards a same goal. By doing this, they have received exceptional amount of new ideas, innovative products to increase sales and market share in consumers market. Expand market share Expand market share can gain great profits for the company but there is a drawback. Too many customers can put a strain on the firms resources, hurting product value and service delivery. Example: America Online experienced growing pains when its customer base expanded, resulting in system outages and access problems (Kotler Keller, 2006). Consumers may also infer that bigger is not better and assume that growth will lead to a deterioration of quality. If exclusivity is a key brand benefit, existing customer may resent additional new customers. (Kotler Keller, 2006) This strategy can be operated via the marketing mix. However this strategy can provoke antitrust action or anti-dumping charge. Vietnamese rice export market has received multiple charges on dumping issues in European market trying to gain more market share in short period of time. Economic cost such as legal costs needs to be taking in consideration. Wrong marketing mix strategy is also one of the problems firms face when expanding market share (for example: focus on unattractive segments). Successful example of firm in expanding market share is Starbucks. The company plans to continue to rapidly expand its retail operations, grow its specialty sales and other operations, and selectively pursue opportunities to leverage the Starbucks brand through the introduction of new products and the development of new distribution channels. Seek stability and retention of customer base Tesco is a great example for applying this strategy. They try to retain customers loyal via promotion and Club card which customers can save as they shop and spend the points on various products. Tesco seeks stability, it competes on prices with rivals such as Sainsburys and Asda, although it also focuses on customer service, how to deliver good service with reasonable price to the customers. It is important that leader firms understand their strengths and weaknesses, also have a clear view of their competitors in the market. Choosing the right defense strategy is critical in order to retain their position as leaders and continue to expand the total market and market share, as well as profitability. Market leaders should take innovation seriously in order to stay in the leading position.

Curriculum Leader as Change Agent

Curriculum Leader as Change Agent The profession of nursing is a vital part of the health care system. Any change in the system brings about change in the profession. Nursing, as a profession, continues to stand to the challenge of the times. The workplace environment for health care workers has undergone change, too. There is a wide range of continuous improvement of healthcare forces brought about by technological advances and modernization in society especially in the field of nursing curriculum. Responding to the challenge brought about by these changes in the healthcare environment and the healthcare workplace means major reforms in the delivery and management of the health care system. It means a health care workforce function as a change agent and create a preferred future for nursing Leader education and nursing practice who is ready and prepared to meet the advances of modern society and its accompanying challenges. It is for this reason that every nurse should pursue the pathway of curriculum educator. As educator leader, we are envisioned to be integrated and comprehensive approaches to health development. It endeavors to make essential goods, health and nursing education as part of the so called re-engineering Change in the healthcare system has a major impact on how, where, and even who practice nursing (Catalino, 1996). Nurses will need to get involved in decisions about where healthcare is going. They need to band together as a profession and exert potential power that they have access to politicians, physicians, hospital administrators, and insurance companies in shaping the future of their profession. Preparing nurse educator curricula must address the core of knowledge and skills essential for effectiveness and excellence in the nurse educator role and make transparent the scope and standards of nurse educator practice. Each nurse educator course specifically addresses one or more of the core competencies including curriculum design, assessment and evaluation, instructional technology, and designing systems to support change in nursing education. Nurse educator as leader and agent to change must encourage students, co workers and other professions to tell their stories, assess their strengths and weaknesses, and describe their growth and development in the educator role. This facet of nursing should engages future nurses in critical thinking, fosters creativity, and motivates them to use standards to inform their own practice. Most importantly, the Nurse Educator as leader and agent of change challenges students to reflect upon their academic preparation in each of the core competencies and prepares them to assume roles as leaders and innovators in the practice and science of nursing education. Nurse educator as innovator should also reflect on the essence of each of the competencies in their practice; select evidence that demonstrates their knowledge and abilities for each competency; and project excellence based on their learning and professional goals, on the core competencies of nurse educators. For example, facilitate learning , facilitate learner development and socialization, use assessment and evaluation strategies, participate in curriculum design and evaluation of program outcomes, function as change agent and leader, pursue continuous quality improvement in the nurse educator role, engage in scholarship, and function within the educational environment. Ultimately, sharing information about the core competencies of nurse educators challenge to develop the components of our role in all its dimensions and inspires excellence in their practice as nurse educators.

Materials of Logistics in Management Essay

The efficiency of any manufacturing organisation depends on the availability of component parts and materials in the proper quantity, quality, price, range and time. Failure in any of these areas increases costs and decreases profit as certainly as outmoded production methods or ineffective selling techniques. This simple but obvious point has only recently come to be properly understood. This book presents the principles, methods and strategies that represent the modern approach to materials management in all sectors of the economy. In analysing business operations, the phrase â€Å"Value-added concept1†² is often used to characterise the difference between the cost of component materials and the selling price of the finished product. This difference in value represents the unique contribution of each organisation to the production process. Many companies produce component parts and materials for other firms manufacturing specialised products Remanded by the customers. On an average, a manufacturing firm buys slightly more than half of the rupee value of its sales. In other words, the value added is typically less than 50 per cent of its sales. Conversely, the average company purchases materials valued at more than half of what it sells. Therefore, a firm’s profit is to a large extent determined by how effectively it procures and manages these materials. The organisational approach known as materials management has gained validity in recent years. Production and operations managers found it necessary to develop an organised body of knowledge related to planning, acquisition and utilisation of materials in the process of production and it has resulted in the discipline known as â€Å"mate-rials management†. All activities involved in bringing materials into and through the plant are combined under one head known as â€Å"materials manager†. By giving the materials manager overall authority, responsibility is centralised to assure that the overall cost of materials is kept at the low’est possible level. The basic rationale for this organisational change is to overcome the problems of conflicting objectives. For cample, purchase department’s concern to ensure continuous supply of component materials may conflict with he inventory control department’s objective to minimise inventory levels or the objective of shipping in full car load lots. Today organisations view procurement as a professional activity including activities involved in obtaining materials at minimum cost, transporting them and providing storage and moving toward the production process. It also includes economic analysis of supply (i. e. , purchase economics), demand and prices and the assessment of international events that affect materials. * evolution of materials management Historically, the five ‘M’s of manufacturing firms viz. Men, Materials, Machines, Money and Methods have shifted their positions from time to time in their relative importance. In the early days of industrialization, the focus was on men (labour) as they were the main source of productive power. Over a period of time, the emphasis shifted towards machines, which became the main source of industrial power after the Industrial Revolution. As the methods of production became more and more complex due to the increased customer demand for sophisticated products of high quality, there was greater need of efficient management to manage the complex production systems. In the early 1920s, purchasing and maintaining stock of materials was the responsibility of purchasing managers or â€Å"chief controllers of purchasing and stores† in many industries. During and immediately after World War II the focus shifted on various functions associated with materials such as purchasing, receiving, inspecting, storing, preserving, handling, issuing, accounting, transporting and disposing surplus and obsolete materials. These functions grouped under one common head known as materials manager and the department responsible for all these activities came to be known as â€Å"materials management department†. But the head of materials management department performed a staff function to support the production department and had to report to the production head (director of production) in the organizational hierarchy. The oil crisis of the 1970’s changed the priorities of industries all over the world. The exorbitant hike in oil prices and the heavy budget allocations on oil made the industries to control their expenditure on the inputs, mainly materials of all kinds because of the large scope to reduce the expenses on materials. Since the beginning of 20th century, materials have been getting more and more attention and will continue to do so in the future also. Now a days material has* become an important and inevitable input of a production system since the cost of materials and cost on materials (cost incurred in purchasing and storing the materials) put together account for 50 to 85% of the production cost depending on the nature of the product and the type of the production system. Modern manufacturing organisations adopted systems approach to management, which resulted in the integrated materials management concept. All functions related to materials such as materials planning, purchasing, storing and inventory control were integrated under materials management function. The position of the head of the integrated materials management department was elevated to be on par with heads of other functional areas viz. production, finance and human resources. * importance of materials in manufacturing organisations Materials are any commodities used directly or indirectly in producing a product or service such as raw materials, component parts, assemblies and supplies. In the manufacturing organisations, the important inputs are referred to as 5 Ms viz. Men (Labour), Machines, Money, Materials and Methods. The relative importance among these five Ms have shifted from time to time. In the beginning of industrialisation the focus was on machines, men (labour) and methods, but from around 1970 onwards the emphasis is on materials. Material is an important and inevitable input gi J production system since the cost of materials and cost on materials (cost incurred in purchasing and storing the materials) put together account for 50 to 85’* of the production cost depending on the nature of the product and the type of the production system * importance of materials management Management of materials in most organisations is crucial to their success because the cost of purchasing, storing, moving and shipping materials account for over half of the product’s cost. Improving productivity is a crucial factor in facing the challenge of competition and this involves driving down the cost of all aspects of business activities. Since there is maximum scope of cost reduction in the area of materials, doing the job of efficient and effective management of materials is seen as the key to higher productivity.